Exploring the off-label use of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a review.

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, has been used off-label for the treatment of obesity due to its considerable weight-reducing effects. This integrative review evaluated experimental studies in humans in order to explore the pharmacological mechanisms, metabolic effects, and the various clinical responses involved in the use of this drug. The research was conducted in the PubMed database, considering articles written in English and published in the last 10 years, with 9 studies included. The studies demonstrated that liraglutide is effective for weight loss and acts through gastric emptying, modulation of satiety, and influences on brain regions. Additionally, genetic polymorphisms may interfere with the clinical response. Regarding metabolic effects, improvements in glycemia and hepatic steatosis were observed, as well as possible anti-inflammatory action and improvement in blood pressure and lipid profile. The efficacy of liraglutide does not depend on variables such as BMI (Body Mass Index) or age; however, alcohol consumption and proper adherence to treatment may influence clinical outcomes. The main adverse effects, such as nausea and constipation, were well tolerated. Therefore, liraglutide can be considered a promising alternative in the management of obesity, especially in populations with multiple metabolic risk factors.