Semaglutide 2.4 mg long-term clinical outcomes in patients with obesity or overweight: a real-world retrospective cohort study in the United States (SCOPE 12 months).

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight reduction and improvement in cardiometabolic biomarkers at 52 and 68 weeks in a real-world setting in the United States. METHODS: This noninterventional, retrospective cohort study used the Komodo Health database and included adults with obesity or overweight with ≥1 weight-related condition who initiated treatment with semaglutide 2.4 mg between June 2021 and August 2022 and remained on treatment for 1 year. A paired t-test was used to assess changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), and cardiometabolic biomarkers (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, LDL [low-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, and triglycerides) from baseline to 52-week and 68-week follow-up. RESULTS: Among 4,424 eligible patients, 77% were women and the mean (SD) age was 46.7 (10.0) years and BMI was 36.6 (3.6) kg/m. Dyslipidemia and hypertension were the most common obesity-related comorbidities at baseline. The mean (%) change in weight from baseline was -15.5 kg (-14.5%;  < 0.001;  = 594) at 52 weeks and -15.9 kg (-14.8%;  < 0.001;  = 391) at 68 weeks. The mean change in BMI from baseline was - 4.8 kg/m ( = 1124) at 52 weeks and - 4.9 kg/m ( = 700) at 68 weeks. At 52weeks, statistically significant improvements in mean values were observed for SBP (-6.3 mmHg), DBP (-3.1 mmHg), HbA1c (-0.4%), LDL cholesterol (-8.1 mg/dL), and triglycerides (-38.4 mg/dL) (all  < 0.001). Mean change at 52 weeks for HDL cholesterol was 1.0 mg/dL;  = 0.109. Results at 68 weeks were similar. CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective cohort study, the real-world effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg was demonstrated by reductions in weight and BMI along with improvements in BP, HbA1c, and lipid panel among patients with obesity or overweight.